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Ford tractors would have appeared in the Australian country side, soon after the first T model Ford car was seen…I came across a couple sitting in a shed, on an orange farm just outside of Wyee [NSW] back in 1956…Cannot remember much about them other then that they had the T model type engine and a water type aircleaner. I would say they were early pre 1920 tractors.

I have never come across a pre 1928 Fordson tractor that was made in the USA, but have known quite a few of the socalled Irish Fordson. This Fordson tractor, called the “F” model was produced in Ireland from 1919 until 1932… then continued in the UK until the WW2 post period. To be quite honest it was a very crude machine, it had a wet clutch and the norm was to tie back the clutch pedal when not in use, so the plates were disengaged, otherwise they would stick together.The steering also was very hard to control.The early FordFordson tractors was difficult to start. In cold weather it was a chore to start because the oil congealed on the cylinder walls and on the clutch plates. It had to be hand cranked repeatedly with great effort. It took a strong man to hand crank .Sometimes farmers would build a fire under the tractor to warm up the crankcase and gear boxes to make it crank easier. I can remember doing this as a kid back about 1946. The tractor ran on kerosene but you started it on petrol, The clutch pedal had to be ridden for awhile until the oil warmed up and the clutch would then release.Here is a list of tractors Ford/Fordson made up to around 1965…those marked au can be found in Australia.

• Fordson Model F (produced from 1917-1928 at Dearborn, Michigan and from 1919-1922 at Cork, Ireland)• Fordson N model (produced from 1929-1932 at Cork, Ireland and from 1933-1945 at Dagenham, England)au• Ford-Ferguson 9N au• Fordson All-Around (also called Fordson Row Crop, produced 1937 - at Dagenham)• Fordson Major E27N (1945-1951, produced at Dagenham)very common in Australia au• Fordson New Major (1952-1958, produced at Dagenham)au• Fordson Dexta (1957-1961, produced at Dagenham)au• Fordson Power Major (1958-1961, produced at Dagenham)au• Fordson Super Major (1961-1964, produced at Dagenham, called the Ford 5000 in U.S.)au• Fordson Super Dexta (1962-1964, produced at Dagenham, called the Ford 2000 Diesel in U.S.)au

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Price f.o.b. Detroit, $420.00.Engine: Four-cylinder; cylinders cast en bloc; bore 4"; stroke 5"; extra large bearings throughout; all bearings burned in.

Lubrication: Splash system; oil circulation is maintained by oil thrown off the flywheel by centrifugal force; capacity of oiling system, 2 1/4 gals.Cooling: Thermo-syphon system; radiator is of vertical-tub type, and is cooled by a fanFuel: Engine is started with gasoline from a two-quart gasoline tank; once started, the engine is operated by kerosene from 21-gallon kerosene tank; fuel supplied by gravity feed.

Air washer: The air supply is drawn through water which removes all dust, thus reducing wear on the cylinder walls.Transmission: Constant mesh selective type, three speeds forward and one reverse; all shafts run on, ball bearings.Clutch: Multiple disk, running in oil.Front axle Drop-forged and heat-treated; it is attached in the center directly to the front of the engine, giving three-point suspension to the tractor.Steering is through a bevel-gear sector and pinion, with a ball-end drop arm connecting through a large rod to the front axle cross-arm; system is fore-and-aft type.Wheels: Front wheels have steel spokes cast in the hub and riveted to the rim.Rear axle: Semi-floating, four-pinion differential running on ball bearings.Belt pulley: Special fibre paper construction, does not require refacing, and prevents slipping of drive belt (optional).Performance: Size of thresher 20" x 36"; plows, 2-14"; average work, 6 acres in 10 hours.Turning circle: 21-foot radius.Valve diameter (head), 1 13/16".

DataWeights: Weight of tractor less driver, water, oil, and lugs, 2,425 lhs.; total weight of tractor, including all liquid supplies and 150 1b. driver, 2,920 lbs.; distribution of weight, front wheels 1,063 lbs., rear wheels 1,857 lbs.; weight of engine with vaporizer and coils, 601 lbs.Dimensions: Wheel base, 63"; distance between front rims, 4GJ-3": distance between rear rims, width of front rim, 5"; diameter of front rim, 28"; width of rear rim, 12"; width of extension rim, 7" (for light soil); diameter of rear rim, 42" (3" cleats riveted on rim); overall length of tractor, 102 inch overall width of tractor, 61 inch; overall height of tractor, 51/4"; ground clearance, ll inch , lowest point being the flywheel housing; height of draw bar from ground, 12"; lateral adjustment, 7"; Vertical adjustment, none.

Engine: L-head type with detachable cylinder head; 4 cylinders and 8 valves; firing order, 1, 2, 4, 3. Three main bearings, 2" diameter by 3" long; connecting-rod bearings 2" diameter by 2 ½ long; pistons have 3 rings each; piston clearance, top ,0150", bottom .0045"; piston displacement, 251.3 cu. in.; oil system capacity, 2 ½ gals., using heavy gas-engine oil; temperature of oil when pulling steady maximum load, 150° to 200° F.Cooling: fan, 18" ball-bearing belt-driven; water capacity, 12 gal.; vertical tube radiator.Ignition: Current supplied by flywheel magneto; there are 16 magnets clamped to the flywheel which rotate behind the stationary armature; voltage of magneto varies with speed of engine; a high-tension coil is used; the timer and distributor (commutator) are fastened on the end of the cam shaft.Carburetion: See description of Holley vaporizer , Air washer: Float type, 7-quart capacity.Clutch has 17 hardened disks running in oil; spring pressure ia 900 lbs. total, or 3.4 per sq. in.; lubricated by oil in the crank case.Transmission gears: Speeds based on 1,030 r.p.m, of engine.Lubricant, heavy gear oil, capacity 4 gals.; oil temperature when pulling steady maximum load, 175° to 250° F.Worm: Of undermounted type; it has two threads it is made of chrome vanadium steel; the worm shaft is supported at the rear end by a duplex ball bearing which withstands both radial and end thrusts.Worm gear {worm wheel): Made of aluminum bronze; it has 35 teeth.Belt pulley: Width, 6 "; spiral-bevel gear drive from transmission drive shaft; belt speed, 2,480 It. per minute at 1,000 r.p.m. of engine (Ford data sheet gives the belt horsepower as 18),

Description of Fordson TractorAs already stated, the purpose of a tractor is to pull heavy loads at slow speeds over almost any-kind of ground.Energy is put into the tractor in the form of kerosene. The vaporizer and mixing chamber change this kerosene into a combustible gas by mixing it with clean, moist air from the air washer. The engine burns this gas and converts it into mechanical energy, causing a rotation of the crank shaft. This power is passed through the clutch and is delivered to the transmission, where the speed of rotation is changed or the direction reversed. The power is then delivered to the worm drive, which further reduces the speed of rotation, and, by means of the rear axle shafts, turns the rear wheels, thus causing the motion of the tractor.The crank case, gear box, and axle housing serve as the frame of the machine.The engine is similar in design to that of the Ford model T", the main differences being as follows:1. The bore and stroke of the engine are greater than in the model "T."2. The water connections between the radiator and the water jacket are effected with iron connectors instead of with rubber hose, as in the model "T."3. The fan is larger, runs on ball bearings, and is supported by a bracket from the upper water connector, instead of from the cylinder block, as in the model "T."4. There is no removable plate in the bottom of the crank case to permit access to the connecting rods, it being necessary to remove the entire crank case for this purpose.The ignition is similar to that of the Ford model "T" .Carburetion is obtained by Holley vaporizer .Transmission is for the purpose of driving the tractor at various speeds according to the class of work to be done. This device also permits the tractor to be reversed. These speed variations are obtained by engaging different sets of gears .Clutch: The clutch is inserted between the engine and transmission, and permits the engine to be completely disconnected from the transmission when itis disengaged. When engaged, it first slips a trifle, thus permitting the motion of the engine to be gradually imparted to the transmission and remaining portions of the machine, and consequently no , jerk occurs.The operation of the clutch is as follows : The gradual "take up" of the load is effected by friction between several disks. The driving disks are fastened to the flywheel by six studs. The driven disks are keyed to the transmission through the clutch drum. When the clutch pedal is allowed to rise, the clutch springs are permitted to press on the clutch drum, thus pressing the disks together and therefore making a connection from the engine to the transmission drive shaft.Rear axle: The rotation from the transmission is reduced in speed and imparted to the rear wheels by the rear axle. The principal parts are, the worm,the worm wheel (gear), the differential gears and pinions, and the rear axles as shown . The worm is connected directly to the transmission, and, owing to the engagement of its threads with the teeth of the worm wheel, it causes the latter to rotate. The rotation of the worm wheel can be imparted to either of the rear wheels or to both, in any desired ratio, the parts effecting this result being the differential gears and pinions. Thus it is possible to turn the tractor.Operating InstructionsAlways hitch to the draw-bar cap, never to the rear axle housing.To operate the tractor, proceed as follows:1. Fill the radiator with as clean water as it is convenient to get.2. Lubricate thoroughly (see section on "lubrication" farther on).3. Fill the air washer with clean, fresh water until it runs out of the filler hole.4. Fill the fuel tanks with clean fuel that is free from water.5. For operation of the vaporizer, see page 989.6. See that the gear shifter is in neutral position .7. Lift the spark lever (on the dash) to the third or fourth notch from the bottom.8. Open the throttle (under the steering wheel) one-third of the way toward the driver.

For more see the barrios book reprint the T model Ford, covers cars, trucks and tractors.To find the manual go to www.oztion.com.au look for barriosbooks store.

Engine. — Four cylinder, four-stroke, cylinders cast en bloc. Cylinder bore 4 1/8 in. (104.8 mm.). Piston stroke 5 in. (127.0 mm.). Cubic capacity 267 cu. in. (4380 c.c.). Firing order .1, 2, 4, 3. Special cast alloy crankshaft, statically and dynamically balanced, carried on 3 main bearings, 2 in. diam. by 3 1/4 in. long. Big end bearings, 2 in. diam. by 2 1/4 in. long. Cast-iron pistons, with 3 compression and 1 oil control piston rings fitted above the piston pin. Side by side valves of special steel alloy. Industrial Tractor has high compression cylinder head for running on petrol. Low compression cylinder head for running on vapourizing oil.

Lubrication ,by splash system with oil circulation maintained by oil thrown off flywheel by centrifugal action. Ducts lead oil to main bearings and timing gears. Oil capacity 2 1/4 imperial gallons.Use a good quality oil of S.A.E. 30 viscosity in Winter and S.A.E. 40 viscosity in Summer. For climates having a temperature above 9O°F. use an oil of S.A.E. 50 viscosity, for climates with a severe Winter temperature below 20 :F. us an oil of S.A.E. 20 or 20W viscosity.

Cooling System.— Thermo-syphon, impeller assisted. Efficient cooling ensured: by vertical tube type radiator with very large reinforced tanks, in conjunction with ample water jackets round cylinder block and cylinder head, and four-bladed fan which draws 1,700 cu. ft. of air per minute through the radiator. Water capacity, 10 gallons. A radiator blind is fitted at the bottom of the core so that a greater or lesser area is exposed. This permits a satisfactory .operating temperature being attained and should be suitably adjusted to compensate for varying load conditions which may be encountered.Water temperature gauge, mounted on the radiator, is visible to the operator and indicates the cooling water temperature.

Ignition System. — High tension magneto with impulse coupling for easy starting, driven by a helical gear from camshaft gear. Manual advance and retard controlled by lever on dash.

Governor.—Centrifugal type, adjustable to maintain any desired engine speed from 400- 1,450 r.p.m. Controlled from dash. Optional on Industrial Tractor, which normally has throttle lever beneath steering wheel, directly connected to carburettor.

Fuel System.—Gravity feed from 17 ½ imperial gallon overhead tank, through a sediment bulb which filters all fuel before it reaches the vapourizer or carburettor. Tractors equipped to run on vapourizing oil have a one gallon auxiliary petrol tank inside the main one.

Vapourizer.—Tractor fitted with low compression cylinder head for running on vapourizing oil has a special vapourizer with an adjustable mixture control and an exhaust heated plate to ensure economy and proper vapourization of fuel.

Carburettor.—Tractor fitted with high compression cylinder head for running on petrol has special down draught carburettor.

Air Intake System.—A primary air cleaner at the top of the vertical air inlet pipe, and an oil bath air cleaner ensure that all air used by the engine is thoroughly clean, thus minimising wear on all engine parts. A gauze type of filter may be used when operating on petrol only.

Steering System.—Worm and nut (steel sector and worm on early tractors). Ratio 17 to 1. All steering arms and rods are of heavy construction. Easily replaceable bushes are fitted to steering shaft and spindle bodies.

Front Axle.—Heavy cast steel axle, heat treated to provide maximum strength. It is mounted at the centre of the front of the engine on a trunnion. Heavy radius rods are fitted to take up thrust.

Front Axle, Row Crop.—Adjustable for width by means of extensible ends which can be altered to give track widths from 48 ins to 72 ins. for cast-iron wheels, 49 ¾ ins. to 73 3/4 ins. when pneumatic tyres are fitted, without affecting the radius rods or drag link.

Gearbox.—Constant mesh sliding selective type with three speeds forward and reverse. All shafts run on ball or roller bearings. Single plate clutch mounted on flywheel and operating in oil. Oil capacity approximately 2 ¾ imperial gallons. Use a good grade of gear oil of S.A.E. 90 viscosity for both Winter and Summer. For hot climates with temperatures above 90° F. use a gear oil of S.A.E. 140 viscosity, for climates having Winter temperatures below 2o°F. use a gear oil of S.A.E. 80 viscosity.

Handbrake. multi-plate disc, running in oil, operated by hand brake lever, acting on transmission.

Brake optional equipment).—External brake drums fitted tocountershaft at each side with internal expanding self energising dual shoes. Foot pedals in duplicate, side by side on left hand of tractor, enabling brake on either side, or both, to be operated.

Brake.—Industrial Tractor. Brake drums fitted to rear wheels, brake back plates carried on axle housings. Brake shoes of internal expanding type, non-servo, with simple adjustment for lining wear.

Rear Axle.—Semi-floating, four-pinion differential, running on roller gearings.Crown and pinion spiral bevel reduction of 3.5 : 1 to countershaft. Spur gear reduction from countershaft to rear axle shafts 5.308 : 1. Oil capacity, 10 imperial gallons approximately. Use a good grade of gear oil of S.A.E. 90 viscosity for both Summer and Winter. For hot climates with temperatures above 90°F. use a gear oil of S.A.E. 140… More of this manual is available from barriosbooks at www.Oztion.com.au looks for barriosbooks store.

Ford 8000REAR WHEEL TREAD SETTINGSMANUALLY ADJUSTED REAR WHEELS(See A, Figure 1)Figures 22, 23, and 25 in your Operator's Manual illustrate the manually adjusted rear wheel tread settings for a given tire size. These same settings apply to the 100-inch axle, providing that each wheel assembly is positioned 8 inches inward on the axle. When the wheels are positioned at the outer end of the axle, all of the settings shown in Figures 22, 23, and 25 will increase 16 inches, providing for a maximum tread width of 104 inches (112 inches with 23.1-34 tires).Figure 2 shows an example of how the spacers can be used to change tread width. The example corresponds with the left wheel shown in view "A" of Figure 23 in your Operators Manual.POWER ADJUSTED REAR WHEELS(See B, Figure 1)Two different support block arrangements are available for use with single power adjust wheels on the 100-inch axle. One type of block is approximately 4 inches long and is shown in Figure 3. It is the type currently covered for the 84-inch axle in your Operator's Manual, Figure 26. The other type of block is approximately 8 inches long and is shown in Figure 4 of this supplement. Wheel tread ranges for single power adjust wheels with short and long support blocks are listed below. The close spaced dual wheels are on two power adjust rims that are supported by a single disc. Figure 5 illustrates how the wheels are attached to the disc when equipped with 16.9-34 tires. Figure 6 shows how they are attached when equipped with 18.4—34 or 18.4—38 tires. Both are available for tractors | equipped with the standard 84-inch or the optional ' 100-inch axle. Tread widths for each are listed below.Inner Wheels:• 60 to 76 inches (152.4 to 193.0 cm) with 16-9-34 tires• *64 to 80 inches (162.5 to 203.2 cm) with 18.4-34 or 18.4-38 tires*NOTE: When the wheel assemblies for 18.4—38 rear (ires are moved outward 2 inches or more, the tread width of the inner wheels can be reduced 4 inches (2 inches per wheel) from that listed by power adjusting the inner wheels inward.Outer Wheels:• 97 to 113 inches (246.3 to 287.0 cm) with 16.9-34 tires• 104 to 120 inches (264.2 to 345.6 cm) with 18.4-34 or 18.4-38 tiresTo obtain the minimum tread width of both the inner and outer wheels, as listed above for the 100-inch axle, the wheel assembly must be positioned 8 inches inward on the axle. Conversely, to obtain the maximum tread width, the wheel assembly must be positioned 8 inches outward on the axle.As illustrated in Figure 2 for manual adjust wheels, always install spacers when the wheel assemblies are moved inward.WIDE SPACED DUAL WHEELS(See D, Figure 1)Two different arrangements of wide spaced dual wheels are available. One arrangement has manually adjusted inner and outer wheels as shown in Figure 7. The other arrangement has power adjust inner wheels and manual adjust outer wheels as shown in Figure 8. The manual adjust outer wheel is the same for both types. Tread widths for each version are listed below under the appropriate heading. Extract from the workshop manual for Ford 8000